腹腔镜与开腹手术治疗子宫内膜癌的疗效比较

目的:探讨腹腔镜与传统开腹手术治疗子宫内膜癌的临床效果差异。方法:回顾性分析陕西省人民医院2013年10月至2018年3月114例确诊为子宫内膜癌并以腹腔镜治疗的患者为研究对象（腹腔镜组），以同期62例开腹手术治疗的子宫内膜癌病例为对照组，两组在手术时间、术中出血量、淋巴结清扫个数、术后膀胱功能恢复时间、排气时间、体温恢复时间、住院时间及并发症等各方面指标进行比较。结果:腹腔镜组术中失血量、输血率、术后体温恢复时间、肠道功能恢复时间、膀胱功能恢复时间、术后住院天数及手术并发症发生率显著低于开腹组(P<0.05)。腹腔镜组与开腹组在手术时间、术中清扫淋巴结数目、复发率及总生存率差异无统计学意义。结论:与传统方法相比，腹腔镜手术短期效果良好，生存率相当，在具备丰富的腹腔镜手术经验、完善的腹腔镜设备的条件下，可以广泛应用于子宫内膜癌患者的治疗。     

Trends in Physical Fitness Among 12-Year-Old Children in Urban and Rural Areas During the Social Transformation Period in China

Aims

To investigate the 29-year (1985–2014) trends in body dimensions and physical fitness test performances among 12-year-old Chinese children living in urban and rural areas.

Intratumoral heterogeneity of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its clinical significance

Recent studies have shown that intratumoral heterogeneity is prevalent in esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) based on DNA sequencing and chromosome analysis in multiple regions from the same tumor. This study aimed to investigate the expression of ZNF750, EP300, MTOR and KMT2D and their intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) in patients with ESCC. A total of 106 cases, who underwent esophagectomy from 2008 to 2010, with two foci from each case, were tested by immunohistochemistry(IHC) as well as 12 cases were tested by RNAscope in this study.We found that 58/106 (54.72%), 66/106 (62.26%), 75/106 (70.75%%) of ESCC showed high expression of ZNF750, EP300, MTOR, respectively by IHC, and 8/12 (66.67%), 10/12 (83.33%), 4/12 (33.33%) and 6/12 (50%) showed high expression of ZNF750, EP300, MTOR and KMT2D, respectively by RNAscope. Multivariate analysis showed that MTOR expression was an independent infavorable prognostic factor of overall survival (OS) (HR?=?1.921; P?=?0.000). This study also found that 44/106(4151%), 37/106 (34.91%), 39/106(36.79%) of ESCC showed heterogeneous expression of ZNF750, EP300 and MTOR respectively by IHC, 8/12(66.67%), 8/12(66.67%), 4/12(33.33%), 4/12(33.33%) of ZNF750, EP300, MTOR and KMT2D respectively by RNAscope, IHC and RNAscope could successfully detect a high prevalence of ITH. In conclusion, findings of this study showed that ZNF750, EP300, MTOR and KMT2D heterogeneously expressed in ESCC. High expression of ZNF750 related to a better outcome, while EP300 and MTOR related to a poor prognosis.     

The Chinese National Twin Registry: a ‘gold mine’ for scientific research

The Chinese National Twin Registry (CNTR) currently includes data from 61 566 twin pair from 11 provinces or cities in China. Of these, 31 705, 15 060 and 13 531 pairs are monozygotic, same‐sex dizygotic and opposite‐sex dizygotic pairs, respectively, determined by opposite sex or intrapair similarity. Since its establishment in 2001, the CNTR has provided an important resource for analysing genetic and environmental influences on chronic diseases especially cardiovascular diseases. Recently, the CNTR has focused on collecting biologic specimens from disease‐concordant or disease‐discordant twin pairs or from twin pairs reared apart. More than 8000 pairs of these twins have been registered, and blood samples have been collected from more than 1500 pairs. In this review, we summarize the main findings from univariate and multivariate genetic effects analyses, gene–environment interaction studies, omics studies exploring DNA methylation and metabolomic markers associated with phenotypes. There remains further scope for CNTR research and data mining. The plan for future development of the CNTR is described. The CNTR welcomes worldwide collaboration.     

计划镇静在高龄低肺功能肺癌术后机械通气患者程序化脱机中的应用

目的 研究计划镇静应用于高龄低肺功能肺癌术后机械通气患者程序化脱机的临床效果。方法 将60例高龄低肺功能肺癌术后机械通气患者分为对照组和计划镇静组，对照组患者按需镇静，计划镇静组患者实施计划镇静方案。两组患者在镇静过程中Richmond躁动-镇静量表评分的目标分值为-3～-1分,最终均行程序化脱机。结果 两组患者首次计划性气管插管拔除成功率分别为43%和80%，谵妄发生率分别为20%和7%，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05），而已拔管患者48h内再插率分别为7%和3%，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05），两组患者首次计划性气管插管拔除后2h血气分析比较，计划镇静组明显优于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 高龄低肺功能肺癌术后机械通气患者给予计划镇静，可以改善患者的临床转归，提高患者对治疗的依从性，减少气管插管的非计划性拔除率。     

Cardiac Denervation for Arrhythmia Treatment with Transesophageal Ultrasonic Strategy in Canine Models

Stellate ganglion (SG) modification has been investigated for arrhythmia treatment. In this study, transesophageal SG imaging and intervention were explored using a homemade 30F integrated focused ultrasonic catheter in healthy mongrel canines in vivo. Anatomic details of SGs were ultrasonically imaged and evaluated. SG had a heterogeneous echoic structure and characteristic profiles sketched by hyper-echoic outlines in an ultrasonogram. Left SGs in the experimental group were successfully ablated through the esophagus under ultrasonic guidance provided by the catheter itself. Two weeks after the ablation, the QT and QTc of the experimental group decreased compared with those of the sham group and at baseline (both p values < 0.001). Histologic examination revealed that left SGs were destroyed. No major complications were observed. This approach may be further explored as a method for ganglia remodeling evaluation and as a strategy of ganglia modification for arrhythmia and for other diseases.     

Association between PPARG genetic polymorphisms and ischemic stroke risk in a northern Chinese Han population: a case-control study

Two common polymorphisms of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma(PPARG) gene, rs1801282 and rs3856806, may be important candidate gene loci affecting the susceptibility to ischemic stroke. This case-control study sought to identify the relationship between these two single-nucleotide polymorphisms and ischemic stroke risk in a northern Chinese Han population. A total of 910 ischemic stroke participants were recruited from the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China as a case group, of whom 895 completed the study. The 883 healthy controls were recruited from the Health Check Center of the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China. All participants or family members provided informed consent. The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Hospital of China Medical University, China on February 20, 2012(approval No. 2012-38-1). The protocol was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(registration number: ChiCTR-COC-17013559). Plasma genomic DNA was extracted from all participants and analyzed for rs1801282 and rs3856806 single nucleotide polymorphisms using a SNaPshot Multiplex sequencing assay. Odds ratios(ORs) and 95% confidence intervals(CIs) were calculated using unconditional logistic regression to estimate the association between ischemic stroke and a particular genotype. Results demonstrated that the G allele frequency of the PPARG gene rs1801282 locus was significantly higher in the case group than in the control group(P 0.001). Individuals carrying the G allele had a 1.844 fold increased risk of ischemic stroke(OR = 1.844, 95% CI: 1.286–2.645, P 0.001). Individuals carrying the rs3856806 T allele had a 1.366 fold increased risk of ischemic stroke(OR = 1.366, 95% CI: 1.077–1.733, P = 0.010). The distribution frequencies of the PPARG gene haplotypes rs1801282-rs3856806 in the control and case groups were determined. The frequency of distribution in the G-T haplotype case group was significantly higher than that in the control group. The risk of ischemic stroke increased to 2.953 times in individuals carrying the G-T haplotype(OR = 2.953, 95% CI: 2.082–4.190, P 0.001). The rs1801282 G allele and rs3856806 T allele had a multiplicative interaction(OR = 3.404, 95% CI: 1.631–7.102, P 0.001) and additive interaction(RERI = 41.705, 95% CI: 14.586–68.824, AP = 0.860; 95% CI: 0.779–0.940; S = 8.170, 95% CI: 3.772–17.697) on ischemic stroke risk, showing a synergistic effect. Of all ischemic stroke cases, 86% were attributed to the interaction of the G allele of rs1801282 and the T allele of rs3856806. The effect of the PPARG rs1801282 G allele on ischemic stroke risk was enhanced in the presence of the rs3856806 T allele(OR = 8.001 vs. 1.844). The effect of the rs3856806 T allele on ischemic stroke risk was also enhanced in the presence of the rs1801282 G allele(OR = 2.546 vs. 1.366). Our results confirmed that the G allele of the PPARG gene rs1801282 locus and the T allele of the rs3856806 locus may be independent risk factors for ischemic stroke in the Han population of northern China, with a synergistic effect between the two alleles.     

基于物联网的医院消防安全管理

医院消防物联网将原本与网络无关的消防设施和网络结合起来,将消防监督管理、防火灭火所需的相关信息进行汇总,可以让医院更加轻松地发现和处理医院的警情信息,降低火灾发生频率。医院火灾的特点医院是人员密集场所,发生火灾时,极容易出现踩踏等问题,进而严重威胁群众的生命财产安全。医院拥有大量贵重的医疗设备,一旦这些医疗设备发生火灾,将带来巨大损失。医院内部老弱病残者居多,发生火灾时,人员转移困难,很多患者由于自身问题难以快速逃生,增加了救护的难度。     

民航飞行学员飞行训练应激源研究

目的确定我国民航飞行学员飞行训练的应激源。方法采用德尔菲法形成量表初步维度并在此基础上编制初测量表,从不同训练分院及国外训练归校的学员中采取分层随机取样;选取524名飞行学员进行测试,对所得数据进行分析形成正式问卷。对所获数据进行探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析,并分别检验量表的内部一致性系数、重测信度、内容效度与结构效度。结果训练环境、职业前景、飞行教员、座舱环境4个维度共解释了总变异的57.154%。量表总体的Cronbach’sα系数为0.830,各因子的Cronbach’sα系数为0.751~0.782,重测的相关系数均在0.806(P<0.01)以上。维度间的相关系数为0.134~0.438(P<0.05),各维度与总体的相关系数在0.617~0.748(P<0.01)。一阶4因素模型(GFI=0.929、IFI=0.989、TLI=0.986、CFI=0.989、RMSEA=0.013)拟合效果较好。结论民航飞行学员飞行训练应激源量表符合心理测量学标准,具有良好信效度,民航飞行学员飞行训练应激源主要来源于训练环境、职业前景、飞行教员、座舱环境。